Documentation Directory
This directory contains comprehensive documentation of all operational restrictions, limits, and thresholds used in the Saint Louis University Oliver L. Parks Department of Aviation Science Dashboard.
Purpose
This documentation serves to:
- Maintain Records: Keep authoritative records of all restriction thresholds
- Support Training: Provide reference material for instructors and students
- Ensure Consistency: Document the exact values used across all dashboard implementations
- Enable Updates: Facilitate informed decisions when modifying restriction criteria
- Regulatory Compliance: Document safety criteria and operational limits
Document Structure
Index
Quick navigation to all documentation files with overview of the concentric restriction model and data sources.
Flight Restrictions Overview
Key Topics:
- Concentric restriction model explanation
- Four flight status levels (All Clear, Private+, Commercial, All Restricted)
- Decision logic and evaluation order
- Emoji indicators and display format
- Multiple restricting factors handling
Use This When: Understanding the overall restriction framework and how different factors interact.
Wind Restrictions
Key Topics:
- Wind speed thresholds: 20kt, 25kt, 30kt
- Crosswind component calculations
- Crosswind thresholds: 10kt, 15kt, 20kt
- Wind gust considerations (30kt threshold)
- Runway 12/30 crosswind calculations
Threshold Tables: | Threshold | Value | Effect | |———–|——-|——–| | Student Wind Limit | 20 knots | Private+ Only | | Private Wind Limit | 25 knots | Commercial Only | | All Pilots Wind Limit | 30 knots | All Restricted | | Student Crosswind | 10 knots | Private+ Only | | Private Crosswind | 15 knots | Commercial Only | | All Pilots Crosswind | 20 knots | All Restricted | | Wind Gust Limit | 30 knots | All Restricted |
Use This When: Setting up or modifying wind-based restrictions, calculating crosswind components, or understanding pilot-specific wind limits.
Visibility and Ceiling Restrictions
Key Topics:
- Visibility threshold: 3 statute miles
- Cloud ceiling threshold: 1,500 feet AGL
- Ceiling calculation methodology
- Airport elevation conversions (KCPS 413 ft, KSTL 605 ft)
- Cloud layer types (BKN, OVC vs FEW, SCT, CLR)
- Special conditions (vertical visibility, multiple layers)
Threshold Tables: | Threshold | Value | Effect | |———–|——-|——–| | Minimum Visibility | 3 SM | All Restricted if below | | Minimum Ceiling | 1,500 ft AGL | All Restricted if below | | KCPS Elevation | 413 ft MSL | For AGL calculation | | KSTL Elevation | 605 ft MSL | For AGL calculation |
Use This When: Understanding ceiling/visibility restrictions, converting MSL to AGL, or troubleshooting ceiling calculation issues.
Temperature Restrictions
Key Topics:
- Heat index calculation (Rothfusz regression)
- Heat index thresholds: 95°F, 100°F, 105°F
- Cold temperature thresholds: 32°F, 23°F, 14°F, 5°F
- Relative humidity calculation
- Diamond aircraft specific restrictions
- Preheat requirements
Threshold Tables - Heat: | Heat Index | Effect | |————|——–| | < 95°F | Normal operations | | ≥ 95°F | Diamond solo restricted | | ≥ 100°F | Diamond dual/Piper solo restricted | | ≥ 105°F | All Flights Restricted |
Threshold Tables - Cold: | Temperature | Effect | |————-|——–| | > 32°F | Normal operations | | < 32°F | Avoid extended power-off ops | | ≤ 23°F | Preheat or recent flight required | | ≤ 14°F | No solos or cross-countries | | ≤ 5°F | All Flights Restricted |
Use This When: Evaluating heat index or cold weather restrictions, understanding Diamond aircraft limitations, or calculating relative humidity from dewpoint.
Runway Information
Key Topics:
- KCPS Runway 12/30 specifications
- Runway magnetic headings: 122°/302°
- Airport elevations for ceiling calculations
- Crosswind calculation methodology
- Dual runway checking logic
- KSTL backup weather reference
Key Data: | Item | Value | |——|——-| | Primary Airport | KCPS (St. Louis Downtown) | | KCPS Elevation | 413 feet MSL | | Runway | 12/30 | | Runway 12 Heading | 122° magnetic | | Runway 30 Heading | 302° magnetic | | Backup Airport | KSTL (Lambert Intl) | | KSTL Elevation | 605 feet MSL |
Use This When: Calculating crosswind components, converting cloud heights to AGL, or understanding runway-specific data.
Demo Page
Key Topics:
- Live current conditions with real-time METAR data
- 11 interactive scenarios demonstrating all restriction levels
- Visual examples of all four flight status levels
- Combined wind, visibility, ceiling, and temperature scenarios
- Heat index and cold weather examples
Scenario Coverage:
- Perfect flying conditions (All Clear)
- Moderate winds (Private+ Only)
- High crosswind (Commercial Only)
- Very high winds (All Restricted)
- Low ceiling (All Restricted)
- Poor visibility (All Restricted)
- Multiple factors (Commercial Only)
- Marginal conditions (Private+ Only)
- Extreme heat (All Restricted)
- Cold weather with winds (Private+ Only)
- Extreme cold (All Restricted)
Use This When: Training pilots, explaining the restriction model, demonstrating system capabilities, or understanding how different weather conditions affect flight status.
Quick Reference: All Thresholds
Wind Thresholds
- 20 knots: Student pilots restricted (Private+ Only)
- 25 knots: Private pilots restricted (Commercial Only)
- 30 knots: All pilots restricted
Crosswind Thresholds
- 10 knots: Student pilots restricted (Private+ Only)
- 15 knots: Private pilots restricted (Commercial Only)
- 20 knots: All pilots restricted
Visibility & Ceiling Thresholds
- 3 SM: Minimum visibility (All Restricted if below)
- 1,500 ft AGL: Minimum ceiling (All Restricted if below)
Temperature Thresholds
- 105°F: Heat index limit (All Restricted)
- 5°F: Cold temperature limit (All Restricted)
Operational Data
- Runway: 12/30 at KCPS
- Headings: 122° / 302° magnetic
- Elevations: KCPS 413 ft MSL, KSTL 605 ft MSL
Modification Guidelines
When Updating Thresholds
- Review Documentation: Read the relevant document thoroughly
- Document Rationale: Add explanation for why threshold is changing
- Update All References: Search for the old value across all files
- Update Code: Modify implementation in dashboard files and shared-weather.js
- Update Documentation: Revise markdown files with new values
- Test Thoroughly: Verify new thresholds work as expected in demo.html
- Update Version Info: Note changes in index.md
- Communicate Changes: Inform aviation department of modifications
Files to Check When Changing Thresholds
Wind Restrictions:
documentation/wind-restrictions.mddashboard.html- checkRestrictions()dashboard5.html- checkRestrictions()documentation/demo.html- loadCurrentConditions()shared-weather.js- calculateCrosswind()
Temperature Restrictions:
documentation/temperature-restrictions.mddashboard.html- heat index tabledashboard5.html- heat index table and flight statusdocumentation/demo.html- temperature scenariosshared-weather.js- calculateHeatIndex(), calculateHumidity()
Visibility/Ceiling Restrictions:
documentation/visibility-ceiling-restrictions.mddashboard.html- checkRestrictions()dashboard5.html- checkRestrictions()documentation/demo.html- loadCurrentConditions()
Regulatory References
Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs)
14 CFR Part 91 (General Operating Rules):
- §91.155 - Basic VFR weather minimums
- §91.157 - Special VFR weather minimums
VFR Minimums (Class E airspace below 10,000 ft):
- Visibility: 3 statute miles
- Cloud clearance: 500 ft below, 1,000 ft above, 2,000 ft horizontal
Training Operations: Many training operations use more conservative limits than regulatory minimums for safety.
Practical Test Standards (PTS) / Airman Certification Standards (ACS)
Private Pilot ACS:
- Crosswind component limitations per aircraft POH
- Student pilot solo endorsement requirements
Commercial Pilot ACS:
- Higher proficiency expectations
- More challenging weather conditions
Data Sources & Methodology
Weather Data
- Source: NOAA Aviation Weather Center METAR reports
- Primary Station: KCPS (St. Louis Downtown Airport)
- Backup Station: KSTL (Lambert International Airport)
- Update Frequency: Every 15 minutes via GitHub Actions
- Valid Duration: METAR reports considered current if less than 2 hours old
Calculation Methods
- Crosswind: Trigonometric calculation using wind angle vs runway heading
- Heat Index: National Weather Service Rothfusz regression equation
- Relative Humidity: August-Roche-Magnus approximation from temp/dewpoint
- Ceiling: Lowest BKN or OVC layer converted from MSL to AGL
Version History
Version 1.0 (October 2025)
- Initial documentation creation
- All restriction thresholds documented
- Concentric restriction model established
- Temperature restrictions integrated
- Comprehensive examples and scenarios
Contact Information
For questions about these restrictions or to propose changes:
Saint Louis University
Oliver L. Parks Department of Aviation Science
Restrictions should be reviewed periodically and updated based on:
- Safety incident analysis
- Regulatory changes
- Aircraft fleet changes
- Instructor feedback
- Student performance data
Additional Resources
Project Files
README.md- Project overviewdashboard.html- Main operational dashboarddashboard5.html- Simplified dashboarddocumentation/demo.html- Demonstration with scenariosshared-weather.js- Calculation utilities.github/workflows/update-weather.yml- Automated data updatesscripts/fetch-weather.py- Weather fetching script
External References
This documentation was created on October 9, 2025, and should be updated whenever operational thresholds are modified.